Vì x, y, z tỉ lệ với các số a, b, c nên  suy ra x = ka, y = kb, z = kc

Thay x = ka, y = kb, z = kc vào ( x 2   +   2 y 2   +   3 z 2 ) ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 ) ta được

[ ( k a ) 2   +   2 ( k b ) 2   +   3 ( k c ) 2 ] ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 )     =   ( k 2 a 2   +   2 k 2 b 2   +   3 k 2 c 2 ) ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 )     =   k 2 ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 ) ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 )     =   k 2 ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 ) 2     =   [ k ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 ) ] 2       =   ( k a 2   +   2 k b 2   +   3 k c 2 ) 2       =   ( k a . a   +   2 k b . b   +   3 k c . c ) 2 =   ( x a   +   2 y b   +   3 z c ) 2  

do x = ka,y = kb, z = kc

Vậy

( x 2   +   2 y 2   +   3 z 2 ) ( a 2   +   2 b 2   +   3 c 2 )   =   ( a x   +   2 b y   +   3 c z ) 2

Đáp án cần chọn là: D

Cần cm: \(\left(x^2+2y^2+3z^2\right)\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)=\left(ax+2by+3cz\right)^2\)

Theo bđt Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(VT=\left(x^2+2y^2+3z^2\right)\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)\ge\left(ax+\sqrt{2}y.\sqrt{2}b+\sqrt{3}z.\sqrt{3}c\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\left(ax+2by+3cz\right)^2\)\(=VP\)

Dấu "=" khi \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{\sqrt{2}y}{\sqrt{2}b}=\frac{\sqrt{3}z}{\sqrt{3}c}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)

Ta thấy dấu "=" ở đây xảy ra vì từ gt \(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}\)

\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)

Đặt \(\frac{x}{a}=\frac{y}{b}=\frac{z}{c}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow x=ak;y=bk;z=ck\)

\(\left(x^2+2y^2+3z^2\right)\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)\)

\(=\left[\left(ak\right)^2+2\left(bk\right)^2+3\left(ck\right)^2\right]\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)\)

\(=k^2\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)\)

\(=k^2\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)^2\left(1\right)\)

\(\left(ax+2by+3cz\right)^2\)

\(=\left(a.ak+2b.bk+3c.ck\right)^2\)

\(=\left[k\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)\right]^2\)

\(=k^2\left(a^2+2b^2+3c^2\right)^2\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\)và\(\left(2\right)\Rightarrow dpcm\)